Recursive subspace identification algorithm using the propagator based method

Subspace model identification (SMI) method is the effective method in identifying dynamic state space linear multivariable systems and it can be obtained directly from the input and output data. Basically, subspace identifications are based on algorithms from numerical algebras which are the QR decomposition and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD). In industrial applications, it is essential to have online recursive subspace algorithms for model identification where the parameters can vary in time. However, because of the SVD computational complexity that involved in the algorithm, the classical SMI algorithms are not suitable for online application. Hence, it is essential to discover the alternative algorithms in order to apply the concept of subspace identification recursively. In this paper, the recursive subspace identification algorithm based on the propagator method which avoids the SVD computation is proposed. The output from Numerical Subspace State Space System Identification (N4SID) and Multivariable Output Error State Space (MOESP) methods are also included in this paper

Smoothing wind and rainfall data through functional data analysis technique

The pattern of wind and rainfall throughout Peninsular Malaysia are varied from one region to another, because of strong influences from the monsoons. In order to capture the wind and rainfall variations, a functional data analysis is introduced. The purpose of this study is to convert the wind and rainfall data into a smooth curve by using functional data analysis method. Fourier basis is used in this study since the wind and rainfall data indicated periodic pattern. In order to avoid such overfitting data, roughness penalty is added to the least square when constructing functional data object from the observed data. Result indicated that if we use a small number of bases functions, the difference is very small between with and without roughness penalty, showing that it is safer to smooth only when required. However, when a large basis function is employed, the roughness penalty should be added in order to obtain optimal fit data. Based on the contour plot of correlation and cross-correlation functions of wind and rainfall data, the relationship between both climate functions could be determined

Synthesis and characterization of photocrosslinked biobased polyester membrane

A series of bio-based photocrosslinked polyester membranes, poly(1,8-octanediol-itaconate-citrate-dodecandioate), (POSCI) were synthesized through polycondensation followed by photocrosslinking under UV irradiation in the presence of 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone (DMPA) as photoinitiator (PI). Upon varied UV exposure time and DMPA content, the corresponding changes in chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the polymer were studied. The transmission peak of FTIR spectrum centred at 1725 cm-1 indicates the formation of ester structure. Contact angle results suggested all of the synthesized POSCI membranes had hydrophilic properties as their contact angle is less than 90 °. Sol-gel analysis shows that the swelling ratio of POSCI decreases while the gel fraction increases with increasing in photocrosslinking time. The tensile strength of POSCI, thus, increased correspondingly with longer UV exposure. Excess DMPA, however, proved otherwise

Quinine, an old anti-malarial drug in a modern world: role in the treatment of malaria

Quinine remains an important anti-malarial drug almost 400 years after its effectiveness was first documented. However, its continued use is challenged by its poor tolerability, poor compliance with complex dosing regimens, and the availability of more efficacious anti-malarial drugs. This article reviews the historical role of quinine, considers its current usage and provides insight into its appropriate future use in the treatment of malaria. In light of recent research findings intravenous artesunate should be the first-line drug for severe malaria, with quinine as an alternative. The role of rectal quinine as pre-referral treatment for severe malaria has not been fully explored, but it remains a promising intervention. In pregnancy, quinine continues to play a critical role in the management of malaria, especially in the first trimester, and it will remain a mainstay of treatment until safer alternatives become available. For uncomplicated malaria, artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) offers a better option than quinine though the difficulty of maintaining a steady supply of ACT in resource-limited settings renders the rapid withdrawal of quinine for uncomplicated malaria cases risky. The best approach would be to identify solutions to ACT stock-outs, maintain quinine in case of ACT stock-outs, and evaluate strategies for improving quinine treatment outcomes by combining it with antibiotics. In HIV and TB infected populations, concerns about potential interactions between quinine and antiretroviral and anti-tuberculosis drugs exist, and these will need further research and pharmacovigilance

Employability Skill Development of Mechanical Engineering Students Through Project Based Learning in Vocational High School in South Sulawesi

Abstract: Embedding employability skills in learning requires a learning model that allows effective in improving employability skills of students Learning model that if able to meet these expectations is project based learning. This study aims to determine the contribution of project based learning to employability skills of students of SMK Package Engineering Skills Engineering in South Sulawesi. This research uses quantitative approach with non experimental design with sample size 325 students. Data collection uses questionnaires to obtain data on project-based learning implementation and employability skills. The data of the research were analyzed by using descriptive analysis and regression analysis which previously conducted normality and linearity test. Based on the results of the research is known that the implementation of project based learning model contributes to the development of employability skill students of machining engineering SMK 59.8%

The Usability of E-learning Platforms in Higher Education: A Systematic Mapping Study

The use of e-learning in higher education has increased significantly in recent years, which has led to several studies being conducted to investigate the usability of the platforms that support it. A variety of different usability evaluation methods and attributes have been used, and it has therefore become important to start reviewing this work in a systematic way to determine how the field has developed in the last 15 years. This paper describes a systematic mapping study that performed searches on five electronic libraries to identify usability issues and methods that have been used to evaluate e-learning platforms. Sixty-one papers were selected and analysed, with the majority of studies using a simple research design reliant on questionnaires. The usability attributes measured were mostly related to effectiveness, satisfaction, efficiency, and perceived ease of use. Furthermore, several research gaps have been identified and recommendations have been made for further work in the area of the usability of online learning

Influence of Project-Based Learning Model to Increase Cadet Creativity in Politeknik Penerbangan Surabaya: Literatur Review

This article is to describe the Project-Based Learning Model that is applied to enhance the cadet creativity in Politeknik Penerbangan Surabaya. Project-based Learning (PjBL) is effective Learning applied because it emphasizes contextual Learning through complex activities. The focus of Learning lies in the concepts that involve cadets in problem-solving investigations and task activities to develop creativity, provide opportunities for cadets to work autonomously to construct their own knowledge, and reach their peak, which is to produce tangible products. The purpose of this study was to find out how the role of the PBL learning model was in increasing the creativity of the cadets in Politeknik Penerbangan Surabaya. This research is a descriptive study by collecting data through literature studies. Usage of the application of a good PjBL learning model will increase the creativity of cadets in working on projects that have been planned. The results of literature studies from various relevant journals obtained data that the PjBL learning model is effective in enhancing creativity

Comparison of torque performances on different core material for switched reluctance actuator without permanent magnet

This paper presents the comparison of torque profiles of the Switched Reluctance Actuator (SRA) without permanent magnet (PM) using two types of materials which are Low Carbon steel, Grade 1008 and Medium Carbon steel, Grade S45C. Each of the Low Carbon steel and Medium Carbon steel is distinguished by the percentage of carbon contents which is 0.1% and 0.43%, respectively. The designed SRA of both materials was according to the size of NEMA 17 standard stepper motor for small machine applications and simulated through FEM analysis. The maximum generated torque achieved by the SRA with the Low Carbon steel is 122.540mNm and with Medium Carbon steel is 54.107mNm, respectively at 2A input current. It shows that the carbon content influences the magnetic properties of the materials as the generated torque decreases approximately 50% when the carbon content is four (4) times higher. As a conclusion, the Medium Carbon steel, Grade S45C depict better working range as it capable of generating high torque at a small overlapping angle compared to Low Carbon steel, Grade 1008

Online subspace identification methods for MIMO Model

Subspace model identification (SMI) has been a highly interest of research topic in recent years. Subspace methods such as Multivariable Output Error State Space (MOESP) and Numerical algorithms for Subspace State Space System Identification (N4SID) algorithms are well known and often implemented especially for multivariable identification due to the use of robust numerical tools such as the QR decomposition and singular value decomposition (SVD). SMI algorithms are attractive not only because of their numerical stability and simplicity, but also for the state space form that is very suitable in estimating, predicting, filtering and control design. Several simulation studies for MOESP and N4SID algorithms performed in online version are presented. This paper focuses on computation time, order selection and the stability from both methods when performed online

Strategi Promosi Peweka Clothing Di CV. Dwiputra Ihwa

This study aims to analyze the most appropriate promotional strategies used by CV. Dwiputra to introduce Peweka clothing products as premium quality T-shirt products with image designs carrying the characteristics of Purwakarta so that it can promote also Purwakrta City . Based on the results of field surveys for promotions, Peweka Cloth has implemented a Promotional Mix consisting of Advertising (adverting), Sales Promostion, Personal Sales (Personal selling), Direct Sales (Direct Marketing).  Based on the analysis of sales results, interviews with owners and staff of employees and consumers who are visiting the Peweka Cloth gallery can be concluded that marketing media with online media such as social media and marketplaces can increase product sales and can better recognize Peweka Cloth products so that they can be known by consumers both locally and nationally as one of Purwakarta's signature souvenirs. In addition, the promotion is not only using online media, but there are direct sales in collaboration with local companies such as Bank BTN, Dawood Cafe & Resto, and Expo Auto 2000 located in Purwakarta City. Which aims to introduce the product directly to prospective customers. And product sales based on company data that have been done by Peweka Cloth, tend to be more in Offline media than online media